This brief post explains how to pair Mac OS X with a Nokia 3G/UMTS phone in order to access the Internet via a data packet connection. In my case, I’m using a Nokia 6234 phone but any other Nokia phone should work.

Before you start, please make sure that your phone is properly configured and that you can browse the Web via a GPRS/UMTS connection. Also, make sure that Bluetooth support in your phone is configured and activated and, for phones that have temporary visibility (are only visible via Bluetooth for a limited period of time), make sure to enable Bluetooth just before the pairing process.

Initial configuration

First, download the Nokia 3G Modem Scripts for Mac OS X from Ross Barkman’s Home Page (the official site) or from here.

Second, uncompress the file and copy the files named “Nokia 3G CID1” and “Nokia 3G CID2” into “/Library/Modem Scripts“.

Next, pair your Mac OS X computer with the Nokia phone by clicking on the Bluetooth icon in the menu bar and then Set up Bluetooth Device…. When pairing make you sure you choose Use a direct, higher speed connection to reach your Internet Service Provider *GPRS, 1xRTT).

Enter guest as the Username, guest as the Password, the APN (CID String or Telephone number) and make sure Nokia 3G CID1 is selected as the Modem Script. For example:

For a detailed list of possible combinations of username, password and APN CID for a lot of providers around the world visit Ross Barkman’s GPRS Info Page.

Dialing out

To dial out, open Internet Connect, browse to the Bluetooth tab and make sure the right entry is selected from the drop down menu. Then click Connect. Mac OS X will authenticate to the remote PPP server and a new dynamic PPP subinterface should be configured:

$ ifconfig ppp0
ppp0: flags=8051 mtu 1500
        inet 10.142.15.9 --> 10.6.6.6 netmask 0xffffff00

In my case, browsing speed is very good (around 384Kbps), but it might vary according to placement, coverage, whether you are moving and so on (by the way, UMTS network planning, deployment and coverage is something not trivial).

Troubleshooting

Make sure all the information for the connection have been entered correctly, specially the APN/Telephone number. If it doesn’t work, try using Nokia 3G CID2 as the Modem Script instead.

NetBSD ports collection includes audio/mt-daapd, a nice and straightforward implementation of Apple’s DAAP protocol for streaming music to iTunes. The only problem is that audio/mt-daapd is not compiled with Zeroconf support by default. In NetBSD, net/howl provides an implementation of Apple’s Zeroconf (also known as Rendevous or Bonjour).

In order to compile audio/mt-daapd under NetBSD with Zeroconf support, I first had to compile and install net/howl:

# cd /usr/pkgsrc/net/howl
# make install

Once net/howl is installed, I had to modify the Makefile file for audio/mt-daapd such as that howl support is enabled. This involves passing --enable-howl to the configure script and pointing it to the non-standard directory where the howl include files are — /usr/pkg/include/howl.

So, I edited /usr/pkgsrc/audio/mt-daapd/Makefile and after the line that reads:

GNU_CONFIGURE=  yes

I inserted:

CONFIGURE_ARGS+= --enable-howl
CONFIGURE_ARGS+= --with-howl-includes=${LOCALBASE}/include/howl

Before the line that reads:

.include "../../mk/pthread.buildlink3.mk"

I added:

.include "../../net/howl/buildlink3.mk"

Then,

# cd /usr/pkgsrc/audio/mt-daapd
# make install

I had to make some changes in order to get howl and mt-daapd start automatically during boot.

I added the following lines to /etc/rc.conf:

howl=YES
daapd=YES
daapd_flags="-c /etc/mt-daapd.conf"

Next, I copied /usr/pkg/share/examples/mt-daapd/mt-daapd.conf to /etc/mt-daapd.conf and customized it — for example, to change the server name, specified by the servername directive.

I also had to create the /etc/rc.d/mt-daapd rc script to get mt-daapd started automatically during boot. It looks like this:

#!/bin/sh
#
# $NetBSD: howl.sh,v 1.2 2006/01/01 18:27:53 tron Exp $
#

# PROVIDE: daapd
# REQUIRE: howl
# REQUIRE: NETWORKING

. /etc/rc.subr

name="daapd"
rcvar=$name
command="/usr/pkg/sbin/mt-daapd"
sig_stop=KILL

load_rc_config $name
run_rc_command "$1"

A sample configuration file that I’m using for mt-daapd/etc/mdaapd.conf — looks like this:

web_root         /usr/pkg/share/mt-daapd/admin-root
port             3689
admin_pw         mt-daapd
db_dir           /var/cache/mt-daapd
mp3_dir          /mnt/mp3
servername       NetBSD
runas            mtdaapd
playlist         /usr/pkg/etc/mt-daapd.playlist
#password        mp3
extensions       .mp3,.m4a,.m4p
#logfile         /var/log/mt-daapd.log
#rescan_interval 300
# always_scan    0
# process_m3u    0
# scan_type      0
# compress       0

Finally, either start both howl and mt-daapd, or reboot:

# /etc/rc.d/howl start
# /etc/rc.d/mt-daapd start

To test whether mt-daapd is working you can run the following command as root under Mac OS X:

# mDNS -B _daap._tcp

or the following command on Linux:

# mDNSBrowse _daap._tcp

I saw an informative, useful and interesting post on how to keep your Mac portable from waking up when the lid is opened using pmset command-line tool. I didn’t know such a tool did exist :-)

Install rEFIt on the system partition, instead of using Mac OS X system volume, allows one to manage rEFIt independently from Mac OS X. It is also possible to wipe out Mac OS X entirely while still being able to use rEFIt to boot other operating systems, like GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris, or even Windows.

To install rEFIt on the hidden EFI system partition, follow this simple steps which I gathered from a post at the personal blog of Lincoln Ramsay.

From a Terminal or command-line prompt, run the following commands:

$ sudo mkdir /efi

This will create the mount point for the EFI system partition

$ sudo mount -t msdos /dev/disk0s1 /efi

This command will mount the EFI system partition (usually hidden from Mac OS X) into /efi. The EFI system partition is basically a 200MB FAT32 partition which is, by default empty.

NOTE: Please, take into consideration that EFI system partition is usually the first partition on the built-in hard disk, which is usually /dev/disk0s1, although it could be different on your system.

open /efi

This will open the /efi folder in Finder.

Now, download rEFIt and copy the contents of the efi folder into /efi.

In the end, you should have the following subdirectories on your machine:

  • /efi/efi/refit
  • /efi/efi/tools

Now, we will bless the EFI system partition:

sudo bless --mount /efi --setBoot --file /efi/efi/refit/refit.efi --labelfile /efi/efi/refit/refit.vollabel

I think blessing marks the partition mounted on /efi as bootable, uses /efi/efi/refit/refit.efi as the boot loader, then changes some OpenFirmware variables to boot the machine from this partition.

The acpid daemon listens to the /proc/acpi/event socket. When the Linux kernel any ACPI-related event, like an AC state change, it sends a message to that socket.

When the Linux kernel detects AC power loss, it sends a message to the socket. acpid then runs the /etc/acpi/power.sh script which, in turn, invokes all the scripts under /etc/acpi/battery.d directory, orderly.

When the Linux detects that AC power has been restored, it sends a message to the socket. acpid then runs /etc/acpi/power.sh which, in turn, invokes all the scripts under /etc/acpi/ac.d directory, orderly.

To make the LCD brightness dim when AC power is lost and return the LCD brightness to its previous value once AC power has been restored, we can create two new scripts:

  • /etc/acpi/ac.d/01-brightness.sh
  • /etc/acpi/battery.d/01-brightness.sh

Both of these scripts use a configuration file, located at /etc/default/brightness. A sample configuration file is shown below:

/etc/default/brightness

# Whether or not enable LCD brightness control depending
# on AC power state.
BRIGHTNESS_CONTROL="yes"

# Binary used to control LCD brightness.
BRIGHTNESS_PROGRAM="/usr/local/bin/bl1"

# Defines the brightness level when running on batteries.
BRIGHTNESS_LEVEL_ON_BATTERY="10"

# Defines the default brightness level for the system when
# running on AC power. This value is superseded by the value
# stored in the ${BRIGHTNESS_LAST_LEVEL_FILE} file.
BRIGHTNESS_LEVEL_ON_AC="15"

# Defines where to store the brightness level used the last
# time the system was running on AC power.
BRIGHTNESS_LAST_LEVEL_FILE="/var/tmp/brightness"

For MacBook Pro, these scripts depend use bl1, which can be found at Basic backlight support for MacBook Pro, for the BRIGHTNESS_PROGRAM, used to control the LCD brightness.

/etc/acpi/ac.d/01-brightness.sh

The following shell script restores the brightness level in use before losing AC power:

#!/bin/bash # Load configuration parameters . /etc/default/brightness exec 2> /dev/null if [ "${BRIGHTNESS_CONTROL}" = "yes" ]; then # Check the value stored in ${BRIGHTNESS_LAST_LEVEL_FILE} # holds a numeric value. OLD=$(cat ${BRIGHTNESS_LAST_LEVEL_FILE}) let NUM=${OLD}+1 let NUM=${NUM}-1 if [ "${OLD}" -eq "${NUM}" ] 2>/dev/null; then # If previously stored value is a number, set the brightness # level to that. VALUE=${OLD} else # If previously stored value is not a number, or undefined # restore the brightness to its default value for AC power. VALUE=${BRIGHTNESS_LEVEL_ON_AC} fi # Sets the new brightness and stores its value /usr/local/bin/bl1 ${VALUE} \ | sed 's/new value: //g' > ${BRIGHTNESS_LAST_LEVEL_FILE} fi

/etc/acpi/battery.d/01-brightness.sh

The following shell script stores the current brightness level in order to restore it once AC power is restored and, since AC power has just been lost, dims the LCD brightness:

#!/bin/bash # Load configuration parameters . /etc/default/brightness if [ "${BRIGHTNESS_CONTROL}" = "yes" ]; then # Gets current brightness level and stores it ${BRIGHTNESS_PROGRAM} \ | sed 's/Current value : //g' > ${BRIGHTNESS_LAST_LEVEL_FILE} # Sets the brightness level used when running on batteries ${BRIGHTNESS_PROGRAM} ${BRIGHTNESS_LEVEL_ON_BATTERY} fi

I made some modifications to the original bl1.c program from Nicolas Boichat. In summary, this modifications allow:

Specify an absolute brightness value

Let x be the absolute brightness value, such that 0<x<16, that is, the value must between 1 and 15, where 1 is the minimum brightness level before turning off the screen, and 15 is the maximum brightness supported by the LCD screen.

For example:

./bl1 15
./bl1 1

Specify an increment or decrement (delta)

Let d be the delta, and x the current brightness value, then the new brightness value y is y=x+d, and 0<y<16.

y = min(max(1, x + d), 15)

Source code

/*
 * Apple Macbook Pro LCD backlight control
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Nicolas Boichat <nicolas @boichat.ch>
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Felipe Alfaro Solana <felipe_alfaro @linuxmail.org>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 *
 */

#include <stdio .h>
#include <sys /io.h>
#include <stdlib .h>

void init()
{
	if (ioperm(0xB2, 0xB3, 1) < 0)
	{
		perror("ioperm failed (you should be root).");
		exit(2);
	}
}

int get_current_value()
{
	outb(0x03, 0xB3);
	outb(0xBF, 0xB2);
	char t = inb(0xB3) >> 4;
	return t;
}

int calculate_new_value(const char *arg)
{
	int val, new = atoi(arg);

	if (arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
		val = new + get_current_value();
	else
		val = new;

	if (val > 15)
		val = 15;
	else if (val < 1)
		val = 1;

	return val;
}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	if (argc > 2)
	{
		printf("Usage:\n");
		printf("%s : read current value\n", argv[0]);
		printf("%s value : write value [0-15]\n", argv[0]);
		exit(1);
	}

	init();

	if (argc < 2)
	{
		printf("Current value : %d\n", get_current_value());
		exit(0);
	}

	if (argc == 2)
	{
		int value = calculate_new_value(argv[1]);
		outb(0x04 | (value << 4), 0xB3);
		outb(0xBF, 0xB2);
		printf("new value: %d\n", value);
	}

	return 0;
}

codeThis article describes how to install Ubuntu Linux on a MacBook Pro laptop. Although I chose Ubuntu Linux as the Linux distribution, you can easily replace that for whatever distro you like the most. It’s only a matter of choice and freedom.

Download Ubuntu Linux

Download the latest desktop ISO image from Ubuntu’s web site and burn it down onto a blank CD. I will use this CD to install Ubuntu Linux on the MacBook Pro and also for recovery purpouses in case anything goes wrong.

Install Apple Boot Camp

Boot Camp is some sort of BIOS emulation to allow some legacy operating systems that don’t support EFI to work on MacBooks. Although Linux does support EFI, it seems it only works reliably when used on Itanium-based machines and in combination with the ELILO bootloader. Anyways, I will use plain LILO and BIOS emulation provided by Boot Camp.

Download Boot Camp from Apple’s Web site and install it. After installation, go to Applications -> Utilities and launch Boot Camp.

The first time you run it, Boot Camp will offer to burn some Windows drivers onto a blank CD. We can skip this step since we are not going to install Windows. Next, we need to shrink the Mac OS X HFS+ volume in order to leave space for the Linux volume. I chose to assign 23GB of disk space to Linux, but your mileage may vary.

Install rEFIt

rEFIt is an extremely powerful GUI EFI bootloader. It allows you to boot up Mac OS X, Linux and even Winblows, graphically, while also allows one to peek inside EFI (using the built-in EFI shell).

Download rEFIt from here. You can choose whatever format you like — Mac disk image, ISO image or tar.gz. The latest version, at the time of this writing, was this.

Extract the /efi directory from the file you downloaded and place it into the root directory of your Mac OS X boot volume. For the tar.gz file you can run:

# tar -C /tmp -zxvf refit-bin-0.7.tar.gz
# mv /tmp/refit-bin-0.7/efi /

Install rEFIt:

# cd /efi/refit
# sh ./enable-always.sh

Install Ubuntu Linux

Once Boot Camp has been installed, the Mac OS X volume shrinked to leave space for the Linux partition, and rEFIt installed into your Mac OS X boot volume, we will start the Ubuntu Linux installation.

Insert the Ubuntu Linux CD into the CD-ROM, reboot while holding down the C key — boot from the CD-ROM — and wait for Ubuntu Linux to finish starting up. You should be dropped into a brown-coloured beautiful desktop.

Before installing Ubuntu Linux, make sure you have network connectivity. For wired Ethernet it’s usually as easy as plugging in an Ethernet cable and waiting for a DHCP lease. For Wireless it depends on whether you can get associated with a public/open Wireless Access Point. Fortunately, the MacBook Pro uses an Atheros-based wireless card, so it will just work out of the box, even when using WEP, WPA or WPA2.

To configure for wired Ethernet and DHCP:

# ifconfig eth0 up
# dhclient eth0

To configure for wireless Ethernet, via a public hot spot and DHCP:

# ifconfig ath0 up
# iwconfig ath0 essid GoogleWifi
# dhclient ath0

Check you have network connectivity, usually by pinging a well know host. I tend to use W.X.Y.Z as a check — don’t think it’s a good idea to tell the whole world the machine I use for ping purposes as it system administrator won’t like it much:

# ping -c W.X.Y.Z
PING W.X.Y.Z (W.X.Y.Z) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from W.X.Y.Z: icmp_seq=1 ttl=235 time=179 ms
64 bytes from W.X.Y.Z: icmp_seq=2 ttl=235 time=179 ms
64 bytes from W.X.Y.Z: icmp_seq=3 ttl=235 time=178 ms

— W.X.Y.Z ping statistics —
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 178.278/178.993/179.612/0.734 ms

Now, double click the Installer icon you will find on the desktop. This will start the Install Wizard that will guide you during the installation process.

The next screens are rather easy to go through: choose your language, keyboard layout, username and password, time zone, etc. The important steps begin once you are prompted about the partition layout. Choose to manually edit the partition table and click on Forward. The next screen allows making changes to the partition layout. I strongly recommend on not making any changes and click on Forward again.

On the next screen, make sure the EFI GPT partition is not mounted — click into the dropdown list and select the blank entry. Mount the Linux partition, usually /dev/sda3 as / and then click on Forward.

  • NOTE:I didn’t create a swap partition, so the installer complained at a later point. If your computer has enough RAM (>192MB), you can go on with the installation and create a swap file once the system is installed and ready.

At the end of the installation, GRUB will fail to install. That’s totally normal. Instead, we will use and install LILO as the boot loader. Open a terminal and run the following commands:

# mount -t proc none /target/proc
# mount -o bind /dev /target/dev
# chroot /target

The last command places ourselves into the Linux filesystem of the newly installed Ubuntu Linux.

Next, install LILO and the SMP kernel — since MacBooks have an Intel Core Duo:

# apt-get install lilo lilo-doc linux-686-smp
# cat > /etc/lilo.conf << EOF
> boot=/dev/sda3
> default=Ubuntu
>
> map=/boot/map
> delay=20
> image=/vmlinuz initrd=/initrd.img
> root=/dev/sda3
> append=noapic
> label=Ubuntu
> read-only
> EOF
# lilo -b /dev/sda
# exit

  • NOTE: I had to append the noapic option to the kernel command line due to a sporadic kernel panic while booting related to the APIC stuff. Since these MacBook laptops are SMP systems, APIC is expected to replace the aging ISA-compatible way of assigning IRQs. However, it doesn’t seem to work reliably, at least on my laptop.

Exit the chroot jail — usually by running “exit” or typing ^D — and double check you are not inside the chroot jail anymore:

# parted
(parted) print

Disk geometry for /dev/sda: 0kB - 100GB
Disk label type: gpt
Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name                  Flags
1       200kB   210MB   210MB   fat32        EFI system partition  boot
2       210MB   76GB    76GB    hfs+         Merged_untitled
3       77GB    100GB   23GB    fat32        Untitled

(parted) set 3
Flag to change? boot/hidden/raid/lvm/hp-service/msftres? boot
New state? on/[off]? on
(parted) quit

Parted understands the new EFI GPT partition table format, while fdisk does not. I think that’s the reason why, after the Ubuntu installer formats the partition and starts copying files onto it, all partitions except sda1 vanish from fdisk‘s listing.

Since EFI boot support is still experimental, we will use standard LILO (it seems GRUB uses certain BIOS calls which are still not supported by Boot Camp BIOS emulation). However, this requires syncing the EFI GPT partition table with the old-fashioned, BIOS-compatible MBR partition table or else Linux won’t boot. We will do this syncing from the rEFIt main menu at a later point.

Check that LILO got installed by running:

# hexdump -C /dev/sda | less

Look for the string LILO at the beginning of the listing. If it’s missing, try reinstalling LILO again.

Before rebooting, we need to unmount all the partitions that we mounted before:

# umount /target/proc
# umount /target/dev
# umount /target

I’ve seen the last command failing to unmount the root filesystem a couple of times. It seems some process has opened files on it, but I’ve been unable to catch it up by using fuser or lsof.

# reboot

Enter the rEFIt Partition editor and make sure the MBR/GPT maps are in sync.
Now, we are ready to boot into Linux, although there are some rough small things we need to get fixed, like the video resolution and aspect ratio.

Resources:

Apple’s PowerBook built-in touchpad has no middle or right mouse button. Under Mac OS X, right-click is simulated by holding down the Control key and then clicking. However, this doesn’t work on Ubuntu Linux.

Googling around, I found that, by default, the F11 key is mapped to a mouse middle-click while the F12 key is mapped to a mouse right-click.

It is also possible to change this behavior by editing /etc/sysctl.conf and mapping dev/mac_hid/mouse_button2_keycode and dev/mac_hid/mouse_button3_keycode to their corresponding key scan codes. The scan code for a key can be retrieved by running

sudo showkey

then pressing the key or keys for which the scan codes are to be printed. To exit, press Control-D.

iSync Siemens mobile plugin

February 2nd, 2006

Novamedia has released free iSync plugins for the Mac.

These free plugins support mobile phones like my Siemens S65 under iSync which, by default, are not supported.

The free DMG installer can be downloaded from here or here.

Setting up the CA

Follow the steps on setting up a Certificate Authority (CA) using OpenSSL.

Issuing the client certificate and private key

Once the CA has been configured, we will generate a private key and an unsigned public key digital certificate.

# openssl req -new -days 365 -newkey rsa:1024 \
-keyout sslkey.pem -out unsigned.pem

The unsigned public key digital certificate, stored in a PEM-encoded file named unsigned.pem will be sent to the CA for signing:

# openssl ca -in unsigned.pem -out cert.pem

Installing the client certificate and private key

The next step consists in installing the private key, public key digital certificate and CA public key certificate.

Linux

The private key, public key digital certificate and CA certificate files should get installed into a location where only root and wpa_supplicant can access them, for example, /etc/wpa:

# mkdir /etc/wpa
# chown root.root /etc/wpa
# chmod 700 /etc/wpa

Mac OS X

Mac OS X can only import private keys in PKCS#12 so we need to export all the previous items to a suitable format:

# openssl pkcs12 -export -in cert.pem -inkey key.pem \
-out client.p12 -name "host.domain"

Where "host.domain" denotes the FQDN of the host which this digital certificate and private key are intended for.

The output file client.p12 contains the private key and public key digital certificate. This bundle should get moved to the host using a secure distribution channel, like an SSH/SCP/SFTP session or a USB key. Also, the CA digital certificate, usually named cacert.pem, should also get copied to the host.

On Mac OS X, using the GUI, double click the cacert.pem file, and install the CA certificate into the X509Anchors keychain. This a system-wide keychain intended to store X.509 CA root digital certificates.

Next, using the GUI, double click on client.p12 file, supply the password that protects the private key stored in this file, and choose to install both the private key and public key into the login keychain. Next, make sure the private key has been installed:

Configuring the AirPort Express Wireless Access Point

Launch AirPort Admin Utility, select the desired base station and click the Configure icon from the toolbar:

Click the Change Wireless Security… button:

In this new window, fill in the information about the RADIUS server, like its IP address, shared secret and so on.

Configuring the Supplicant for WPA2 Enterprise

Linux

Create /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf using the following data:

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
ap_scan=2
network={
  scan_ssid=1
  ssid="iTunes"
  proto=WPA2
  key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
  pairwise=CCMP
  group=CCMP
  ca_cert="/etc/wpa/cacert.pem"
  client_cert="/etc/wpa/cert.pem"
  private_key="/etc/wpa/key.pem"
  eap=TLS
  identity="anonymous"
}

The identity directive is required, or else the EAP-TLS negotiation will fail.

ap_scan=2 and scan_ssid=1 are needed when the Wireless Acccess Point is configured to not broadcast the ESSID.

Mac OS X

Launch Internet Connect from the Wireless menu:

If no 802.1X icon appears on the toolbar, choose File -> New 802.1X Conection…. Click the 802.1X icon. The window will look like this:

From the Configuration drop-down, select Edit Configurations…:

A window like this will open:

Fill in both the “Description” and “Wireless Network” fields with the ESSID of the Wireless network. Leave “User Name” and “Password” blanked, since we are not using password-based authentication.

From the “Authentication” listbox, clear the checkbox for all the protocols except for TLS. Select the TLS protocol and click the Configure button. A new window will open for you to select the private key that will be used for the EAP-TLS authentication mechanism:

From the drop-down listbox, select the name of the private key that matches the name of the private key installed in the previous section.

Click the Connect button. The Supplicant will authenticate against the Wireless Access Point. At this point, it is possible that Mac OS X asks confirmation for accessing the private key stored in your keychain. It is recommended to “Always Allow” the Supplicant access to the private key.

Launch System Preferences -> Network and Configure… the AirPort interface:

Click the “+” button to add a Preferred network:

Just enter the ESSID of the Wireless network and choose WPA2 Enterprise from the Wireless Security drop-down listbox. Also, make sure the Configuration field shows the name of the 802.1X configuration we created previously using Internet Connect.

Leave the rest of the fields blank, since we are not using password-based authentication.